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400ZR: Use Cases And The Path To 800G

2023-07-28 16:40:11

There has been much talk about 400ZR standards and applications to revolutionize Data Center Interconnects. As is often the case, the revolution has evolved to be more interesting than just a single use case. Historically ZR has designated the 80 km reach requirement, and has typically been the last 5% of the access/metro access loops in traditional telecom networks.

Because of the substantial investment needed for the 7nm DSP (driven by power consumption restrictions) and additional optics technology (for size and power consumption reduction), there has been a great deal of interest in finding more applications for the transceivers being developed. The baseline is of course the intended application, for OIF (application code 0x01) defined amplified DWDM datacenter interconnects at 400G, shown below.

400ZR Switch Router DCI400GE-ZR Module in Switch/Router for DCI

400ZR: Use Cases And The Path To 800G(图1)

However, the 400GZR module may also be applied to the same scenarios in Metro/Access where 10G is still dominant at distances up to 80km. In this case, the additional modes available in the DSP may present a scalable deployment starting with (for example) 200G QPSK or 16QAM to fit into the existing metro-access rings. Additionally, deployed in the unamplified single wavelength (application code 0x02) for router-router interconnects, the same link budget in Ox01 designed transceivers may support 10-20 km at 400Gb/s, and the full performance defined by the Ox02 application requirements may support up to 80 km, unamplified (potentially using the same optics).

400ZR Router for DCI

400GE-ZR for Router Interconnections

400ZR: Use Cases And The Path To 800G(图3)

Of course, even as the 400G ecosystem is just starting to grow, with intra-DC deployments ramping in H22019, 800G is on everyone's minds as the next necessary step. With the first 100Gbps SERDES implementation in switching chips expected in 2021, the necessary data rate will move to 800 Gbps within the next 1-2 years for the optics interface. Fortunately the OSFP form factor is defined today in such a way as to allow 8x100GE interface without changing the definition of the transceiver. And in parallel, the (coherent) optics on the line side will transition to support 128GBaud 16QAM within a similar time frame, allowing a smooth migration from the current 400ZR to next gen 800ZR.